Indigenous Indian Dog Breeds: How Rampur and Mudhol Hounds Are Transforming Border Security Operations

The Border Security Force (BSF) has recently incorporated two indigenous Indian dog breeds - the Rampur Hound and the Mudhol Hound - into their canine units. These native breeds have proven to be formidable assets against terrorists and Maoists, earning a fearsome reputation in security operations. According to reports from ANI, approximately 150 of these indigenous dogs have been strategically deployed across various operational zones, including both western and eastern border regions.

Exploring these remarkable Indian dog breeds:

Rampur Hound

The Rampur Hound originates from the Rampur region of Uttar Pradesh and boasts a distinguished history, having been prized by Mughal nobility and regional monarchs. These dogs were specifically bred for hunting substantial game including jackals, foxes, and even leopards.

Characterized by their tall, muscular build and exceptional agility, Rampur Hounds can maintain running over extended distances without fatigue. Their combination of courage, loyalty, intelligence, and sensitivity makes them highly trainable when handled with appropriate gentleness. They are particularly noted for their impressive speed, endurance, and fearlessness.

While demonstrating loving and affectionate behavior toward their families, they typically maintain a reserved demeanor with unfamiliar individuals. The average lifespan of these dogs ranges from 12 to 14 years. Their high energy levels necessitate regular exercise to maintain both physical and mental wellbeing.

Mudhol Hound

Also known as the Caravan Hound, the Mudhol Hound is native to the Deccan Plateau in southern India, particularly Karnataka. Historically, these dogs were utilized by local hunters and Maratha military forces for hunting and guarding purposes, valued for their unparalleled speed and exceptional visual acuity.

This breed exhibits a slim, powerful, and elegant physique complemented by acute senses, remarkable agility, and vigilance, which facilitates their training for working and security functions.

The Mudhol Hound was among four Indian dog breeds featured on commemorative postage stamps issued by India's Ministry of Communications and Information Technology in 2025, celebrating the nation's canine heritage.

At the 2024 All India Police Duty Meet held in Lucknow, a BSF Mudhol Hound named "Riya" achieved a historic milestone by outperforming 116 competitors from other breeds, becoming the first Indian dog to claim both the Best in Tracker Trade and Best Dog of the Meet awards.