Norovirus Cases Surge in the US: Understanding the Winter Vomiting Disease and Prevention Strategies

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Norovirus cases, commonly referred to as the "winter vomiting disease," have been increasing across the United States in recent weeks, according to CBS News reports based on data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This highly contagious virus causes gastroenteritis and primarily spreads through contact with the vomit or feces of infected individuals. Those infected can continue transmitting the virus for up to two weeks after their symptoms subside.

The common symptoms of norovirus include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, fever, headache, and body aches.

CDC data reveals that 14% of norovirus tests are currently positive, a significant increase from 7% just three months ago. From over 2,700 tests conducted in a recent week, approximately 380 cases were diagnosed with norovirus.

The United States typically reports around 2,500 norovirus outbreaks annually, resulting in more than 100,000 hospitalizations and approximately 900 deaths per year. According to the CDC, individuals aged 65 and older face the highest mortality risk, while young children and those with compromised immune systems are also particularly vulnerable.

WastewaterSCAN, a tracking tool led by Stanford University, indicates that norovirus levels in wastewater have increased by 69% nationwide since October, with states like Louisiana, Michigan, and Indiana showing particularly high levels.

"Right now, we're in the high category for norovirus at the national level," stated Amanda Bidwell, scientific program manager for WastewaterSCAN, in an interview with NBC News.

The current number of cases is lower compared to last year's spike. "We have three years of data to kind of show that we have this strong seasonal pattern," Bidwell explained. "But I can't say right now how big of a peak it will be."

For prevention, health experts recommend washing hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after using restrooms and before eating. Using bleach-based cleaners on frequently touched surfaces is advised for disinfection. People should avoid close contact and stay home when sick, and refrain from preparing food for others.

Food safety practices are essential, including thoroughly cooking shellfish, washing fruits and vegetables, and avoiding raw or undercooked foods. Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids is crucial to prevent dehydration when infected.