Putin's 2021 India Visit: Examining Russia-India Strategic Partnership Ahead of 23rd Annual Summit

Vladimir Putin's previous visit to India occurred on December 6, 2021, for the 21st India-Russia Annual Summit.

New Delhi:

Russian President Vladimir Putin arrives in India this evening, marking his second visit to the country in four years. During his 2021 trip, which was condensed into a five-hour timeframe due to pandemic restrictions, Putin and Prime Minister Narendra Modi engaged in discussions covering defense cooperation, energy partnerships, and long-term strategic relations. Just three months following this visit, Russia launched its full-scale military operation in Ukraine.

The 2021 summit saw Putin visiting India on December 6 for the 21st India-Russia Annual Summit. Accompanied by a high-level delegation, he met with PM Modi where both leaders acknowledged that their "Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership" had remained resilient throughout the Covid pandemic period.

Both nations conducted a comprehensive review of their defense and strategic cooperation initiatives. They welcomed the inaugural 2+2 Dialogue and explored opportunities to enhance their military-technical collaboration.

The discussions between PM Modi and President Putin centered on increasing bilateral investments, strengthening connectivity through the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) and the proposed Chennai–Vladivostok Maritime Corridor, while also establishing new avenues for long-term economic growth.

The leaders exchanged perspectives on the situation in Afghanistan, strategies for post-pandemic economic recovery, and coordination in global forums. They recognized the alignment of their positions at the UN Security Council and various multilateral platforms.

The visit culminated in the signing of multiple agreements spanning trade, energy, scientific research, technological advancement, cultural exchange, education, and space exploration. Before departing, Putin extended an invitation to Modi for the next annual summit scheduled for 2022 in Russia.

Since Putin's last visit to India, the global landscape has significantly transformed. Additionally, former US President Donald Trump is now returning to the White House. For three years, Western nations largely overlooked India's position as a major purchaser of discounted Russian oil.

Currently, Trump's critical comments regarding India and the implementation of high US tariffs have created tension in the improving bilateral relationship between the United States and India.

For his current visit, Putin is expected to arrive in New Delhi by 6 pm, following which Prime Minister Modi will host a private dinner for him. He is visiting to participate in the 23rd India-Russia Annual Summit. This visit comes at a critical juncture when both nations are reassessing their strategic priorities.

Russia, bolstered by recent military advances in Ukraine, has dismissed the latest US-supported peace proposal. For India, Russia continues to be a vital defense partner.

The discussions in Delhi are anticipated to focus on significant military agreements, including the ongoing delivery of the S-400 air defense system and India's interest in acquiring the advanced Sukhoi Su-57 fighter jets.